Varicose Veins

Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that commonly appear in the legs. They happen when vein valves become weak, allowing blood to pool instead of flowing smoothly back to the heart. They are often not dangerous, but they can cause discomfort and sometimes lead to skin changes or ulcers.

Common signs and symptoms

Bulging twisted veins: Veins may look enlarged, raised, blue, purple, or twisted under the skin.

Heavy legs: Legs may feel heavy, tired, or uncomfortable, especially after standing for long periods.

Aching pain: Pain or aching may worsen after long standing or sitting.

Ankle swelling: Swelling can appear around the ankles or lower legs.

Leg cramps: Cramps or throbbing may happen, especially at night.

Itching or irritation: Skin over or around the veins may feel itchy or irritated.

Skin color changes: Long-standing vein problems can cause darkening, dryness, or thickening of skin near the ankles.

Ulcer warning: Non-healing sores near the ankle need medical care.

Management

Elevate legs: Raising the legs can reduce swelling, heaviness, and discomfort.

Compression stockings: Medical compression stockings may improve blood flow if advised by a doctor.

Regular walking: Leg movement helps calf muscles push blood upward.

Avoid long standing or sitting: Change position often and take short walking breaks.

Healthy weight: Weight control can reduce pressure on leg veins.

Medical procedures if needed: Laser treatment, radiofrequency ablation, sclerotherapy, or surgery may be used for troublesome veins.

When to see a doctor

See a doctor if there is increasing pain, swelling, skin darkening, bleeding from a vein, or a non-healing wound.

Seek urgent care if one leg suddenly becomes swollen, red, warm, and painful, as this may suggest a blood clot.

Medical disclaimer:

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult a qualified doctor or vascular specialist for proper evaluation and personalized management.